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block diagram 19-6374; rev 2; 10/12 ordering information appears at end of data sheet. maxq is a registered trademark of maxim integrated products, inc. general description the MAXQ614 is a low-power, 16-bit maxq ? microcon - troller designed for low-power applications including universal remote controls, consumer electronics, and white goods. the device combines a powerful 16-bit risc microcontroller and integrated peripherals includ - ing two universal synchronous/asynchronous receiver- transmitters (usarts) along with an ir module with car - rier frequency generation and flexible port i/o capable of multiplexed keypad control. the device includes 80kb of flash memory and 2kb of data sram. for the ultimate in low-power battery-operated perfor - mance, the device includes an ultra-low-power stop mode (0.2a typ). in this mode, the minimum amount of circuitry is powered. wake-up sources include external interrupts, the power-fail interrupt, and a timer interrupt. the micro - controller runs from a wide 1.70v to 3.6v operating voltage. applications remote controls battery-powered portable equipment consumer electronics home appliances white goods features s high-performance, low-power, 16-bit risc core s dc to 12mhz operation across entire operating range s 1.70v to 3.6v operating voltage s 33 total instructions for simplified programming s three independent data pointers accelerate data movement with automatic increment/decrement s dedicated pointer for direct read from code space s 16-bit instruction word, 16-bit data bus s 16 x 16-bit general-purpose working registers s memory features ? 80kb flash memory ? 2kb data sram s additional peripherals ? power-fail warning ? power-on reset (por)/brownout reset ? automatic ir carrier frequency generation and modulation ? two 16-bit programmable timers/counters with prescaler and capture/compare ? two usart ports ? programmable watchdog timer ? 8khz nanopower ring oscillator wake-up timer ? up to 16 general-purpose i/os s low power consumption ? 0.2a (typ), 2.0a (max) in stop mode, t a = +25 n c, power-fail monitor disabled ? 2.5ma (typ) at 12mhz in active mode note: some revisions of this device may incorporate deviations from published specifications known as errata. multiple revisions of any device may be simultaneously available through various sales channels. for information about device errata, go to: www.maximintegrated.com/errata . 16-bit maxq risc cpu 2kb data sram 2 x usart 8khz nano ring 2 x 16-bit timer gpio voltage monitor clock 80kb flash memory ir timer watchdog 1.5kb utility rom ir driver regulator MAXQ614 MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module for information on other maxim products, visit maxims website at www.maximintegrated.com. http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 2 general description ............................................................................ 1 applications .................................................................................. 1 features ..................................................................................... 1 block diagram ................................................................................ 1 absolute maximum ratings ...................................................................... 4 recommended operating conditions .............................................................. 4 pin configuration .............................................................................. 7 pin description ................................................................................ 7 detailed description ............................................................................ 9 microprocessor ................................................................................ 9 memory .................................................................................... 10 stack memory .............................................................................. 10 utility rom ................................................................................ 10 watchdog timer .............................................................................. 10 ir carrier generation and modulation timer ........................................................ 11 carrier generation module .................................................................... 11 ir transmission ............................................................................. 11 ir receive ................................................................................. 13 carrier burst-count mode ..................................................................... 13 16-bit timers/counters ......................................................................... 14 usart ..................................................................................... 15 general-purpose i/o .......................................................................... 15 on-chip oscillator ............................................................................ 15 operating modes ............................................................................. 15 power-fail detection ......................................................................... 16 applications information ........................................................................ 20 grounds and bypassing ...................................................................... 20 additional documentation ...................................................................... 20 deviations from the maxq610 users guide for the MAXQ614 ........................................ 21 development and technical support .............................................................. 21 ordering information/selector guide .............................................................. 21 package information ........................................................................... 21 revision history .............................................................................. 22 table of contents maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 3 list of figures list of tables figure 1. ir transmit frequency shifting example (ircfme = 0) ........................................ 12 figure 2. ir transmit carrier generation and carrier modulator control ................................... 12 figure 3. ir capture ........................................................................... 13 figure 4. receive burst-count example ........................................................... 14 figure 5. on-chip oscillator ..................................................................... 15 figure 6. power-fail detection during normal operation .............................................. 16 figure 7. stop mode power-fail detection states with power-fail monitor enabled .......................... 18 figure 8. stop mode power-fail detection with power-fail monitor disabled ............................... 19 table 1. watchdog interrupt timeout (sysclk = 12mhz, cd[1:0] = 00) .................................... 10 table 2. usart mode details ................................................................... 15 table 3. power-fail detection states during normal operation ......................................... 17 table 4. stop mode power-fail detection states with power-fail monitor enabled ........................... 18 table 5. stop mode power-fail detection states with power-fail monitor disabled .......................... 19 maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 4 voltage range on v dd with respect to gnd ..... -0.3v to +3.6v voltage range on any lead with respect to gnd except v dd ............... -0.3v to (v dd + 0.5v) operating temperature range .......................... -20 n c to +70 n c storage temperature range ............................ -65 n c to +150 n c soldering temperature (reflow) ...................................... +260 n c absolute maximum ratings stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress ratings only, and functional opera - tion of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. recommended operating conditions (v dd = v rst to 3.6v, t a = -20 n c to +70 n c, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units supply voltage v dd v rst 3.6 v 1.8v internal regulator v reg18 1.62 1.8 1.98 v power-fail warning voltage for supply v pfw monitors v dd (note 2) 1.75 1.8 1.85 v power-fail reset voltage v rst monitors v dd (note 3) 1.64 1.67 1.70 v por voltage v por monitors v dd 1.0 1.42 v ram data-retention voltage 1.0 v active current i dd_1 sysclk = 12mhz (note 5) 2.5 3.75 ma stop-mode current i s1 power-fail off t a = +25 n c 0.15 2.0 f a t a = 0 c +70 n c 0.15 8 i s2 power-fail on t a = +25 n c 22 31 t a = 0 c to +70 n c 27.6 38 current consumption during power-fail i pfr (note 6) [(3 x i s2 ) + ((pci - 3) x (i s1 + i nano ))]/pci f a power consumption during por i por (note 7) 100 na stop-mode resume time t on 375 + (8192 x t hfxin) f s power-fail monitor startup time t pfm_on (note 4) 150 f s power-fail warning detection time t pfw (note 8) 10 f s input low voltage for irtx, irrx, reset , and all port pins v il v gnd 0.3 x v dd v input high voltage for irtx, irrx, reset , and all port pins v ih 0.7 x v dd v dd v input hysteresis (schmitt) v ihys v dd = 3.3v, t a = +25 n c 300 mv input low voltage for hfxin v il_hfxin v gnd 0.3 x v dd v input high voltage for hfxin v ih_hfxin 0.7 x v dd v dd v irrx input filter pulse-width reject t irrx_r 50 ns irrx input filter pulse-width accept t irrx_a 300 ns maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 5 recommended operating conditions (continued) (v dd = v rst to 3.6v, t a = -20 n c to +70 n c, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units output low voltage for irtx v ol_irtx v dd = 3.6v, i ol = 25ma (note 4) 1.0 v v dd = 2.35v, i ol = 10ma (note 4) 1.0 v dd = 1.85v, i ol = 4.5ma 1.0 output low voltage for reset and all port pins (note 9) v ol v dd = 3.6v, i ol = 11ma (note 4) 0.4 0.5 v v dd = 2.35v, i ol = 8ma (note 4) 0.4 0.5 v dd = 1.85v, i ol = 4.5ma 0.4 0.5 output high voltage for irtx and all port pins v oh i oh = -2ma, v dd = 1.85v v dd - 0.5 v dd v input/output pin capacitance for all port pins c io (note 4) 10 pf input leakage current i l internal pullup disabled -100 +100 na input pullup resistor for reset , irtx, irrx, p0, p1, p2 r pu v dd = 3.0v, v ol = 0.4v (note 4) 16 28 39 k w v dd = 2.0v, v ol = 0.4v 17 30 41 external crystal/resonator crystal/resonator f hfxin 1 12 mhz crystal/resonator period t hfxin 1/f hfxin ns crystal/resonator warmup time t xtal_rdy from initial oscillation 8192 x t hfxin ms oscillator feedback resistor r oscf (note 4) 0.5 1.0 1.5 m w external clock input external clock frequency f xclk dc 12 mhz external clock period t xclk 1/f xclk ns system clock frequency f ck f hfxin mhz hfxout = gnd f xclk system clock period t ck 1/f ck ns nanopower ring nanopower ring frequency f nano t a = +25 n c 3.0 8.0 20.0 khz t a = +25 n c, v dd = por voltage (note 4) 1.7 2.4 nanopower ring current i nano typical at v dd = 1.64v, t a = +25 c (note 4) 40 400 na flash memory (note 10) system clock during flash programming/erase f fpsysclk 6 mhz flash erase time t me mass erase 20 40 ms t erase page erase 20 40 maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 6 note 1: specifications to -20 n c are guaranteed by design and are not production tested. typical = +25 n c, v dd = +3.3v, unless otherwise noted. note 2: v pfw can be programmed to the following nominal voltage trip points: 1.8v, 1.9v, 2.55v, and 2.75v 3%. the values listed in the recommended operating conditions table are for the default configuration of 1.8v typical. note 3: the power-fail reset and por detectors are designed to operate in tandem to ensure that one or both of these signals is active at all times when v dd < v rst , ensuring the device maintains the reset state until minimum operating voltage is achieved. note 4: guaranteed by design and not production tested. note 5: measured on the v dd pin and the device not in reset. all inputs are connected to gnd or v dd . outputs do not source/ sink any current. the device is executing code from flash memory. note 6: the power-check interval (pci) can be set to always on, or to 1024, 2048, or 4096 nanopower ring clock cycles. note 7: current consumption during por when powering up while v dd is less than the por release voltage. note 8: the typical amount of time that v dd must be below v pfw before a power-fail event is detected; refer to the maxq610 users guide for details. note 9: the maximum total current, i oh(max) and i ol(max) , for all listed outputs combined should not exceed 32ma to satisfy the maximum specified voltage drop. this does not include the irtx output. note 10: it is not recommended to write to flash memory when the supply voltage drops below the power-fail warning levels as there is uncertainty in the duration of continuous power supply. the user application should check the status of the power- fail warning flag before writing to flash to ensure complete write operations. note 11: programming time does not include overhead associated with utility rom interface. recommended operating conditions (continued) (v dd = v rst to 3.6v, t a = -20 n c to +70 n c, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units flash programming time per word t prog (note 11) 20 100 f s write/erase cycles 20,000 cycles data retention t a = +25 n c 100 years wake-up timer wake-up timer interval t wakeup 1/f nano 65,535/ f nano s ir carrier frequency f ir (note 4) f ck /2 hz maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 7 bump configuration bump description bump name function power pins a5 v dd supply voltage b1, b5 gnd ground. connect directly to the ground plane. b4 regout 1.8v regulator output. this pin must be connected to ground through a 1.0 f f external ceramic-chip capacitor. the capacitor must be placed as close as possible to this pin. no devices other than the capacitor should be connected to this pin. reset pins a4 reset digital, active-low reset input/output. the device remains in reset as long as this pin is low and begins executing from the utility rom at address 8000h when this pin returns to a high state. the pin includes pullup current source; if this pin is driven by an external device, it should be driven by an open-drain source capable of sinking in excess of 4ma. this pin can be left unconnected if there is no need to place the device in a reset state using an external signal. this pin is driven low as an output when an internal reset condition occurs. clock pins c5 hfxin high-frequency crystal input. connect an external crystal or resonator between hfxin and hfxout for use as the high-frequency system clock. alternatively, hfxin is the input for an external, high- frequency clock source when hfxout is connected to ground. it is recommended that a duty cycle between 45% and 55% be used if an external clock source is supplied. d5 hfxout MAXQ614 top view a b c d wlp e 1234 irrx p0.2 / tx0 p0.4/ tx1 reset v dd gnd irtx p0.1/ rx0 regout gnd p1.5/ int5 p1.6/ int6 p1.7/ int7 p0.3/ rx1 hfxin p1.2/ int2 p1.3/ int3 p1.4/ int4 p2.6/ tms hfxout p1.1/ int1 p1.0/ int0 p2.7/ tdo p2.4/ tck p2.5/ tdi 5 + maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 8 bump description (continued) bump name function ir function pins b2 irtx ir transmit output. ir transmission pin capable of sinking 25ma. this pin defaults to a high-impedance input with the weak pullup disabled during all forms of reset. software must configure this pin after release from reset to remove the high-impedance input condition. a1 irrx ir receive input. this pin defaults to a high-impedance input with the weak pullup disabled during all forms of reset. software must configure this pin after release from reset to remove the high-impedance input condition. general-purpose i/o and special function pins port 0 general-purpose, digital i/o pins. these port pins function as general-purpose i/o pins with their input and output states controlled by the pd0, po0, and pi0 registers. all port pins default to high- impedance mode after a reset. software must configure these pins after release from reset to remove the high-impedance condition. all special functions must be enabled from software before they can be used. gpio port pin special function b3 p0.1/rx0 p0.1 usart 0 receive a2 p0.2/tx0 p0.2 usart 0 transmit c4 p0.3/rx1 p0.3 usart 1 receive a3 p0.4/tx1 p0.4 usart 1 transmit port 1 general-purpose, digital i/o pins with interrupt capability. these port pins function as general-purpose i/o pins with their input and output states controlled by the pd1, po1, and pi1 registers. all port pins default to high-impedance mode after a reset. software must configure these pins after release from reset to remove the high-impedance condition. all external interrupts must be enabled from software before they can be used. gpio port pin external interrupt e2 p1.0/int0 p1.0 int0 e1 p1.1/int1 p1.1 int1 d1 p1.2/int2 p1.2 int2 d2 p1.3/int3 p1.3 int3 d3 p1.4/int4 p1.4 int4 c1 p1.5/int5 p1.5 int5 c2 p1.6/int6 p1.6 int6 c3 p1.7/int7 p1.7 int7 port 2 general-purpose, digital i/o pins. these port pins function as general-purpose i/o pins with their input and output states controlled by the pd2, po2, and pi2 registers. all port pins default to high- impedance mode after a reset. software must configure these pins after release from reset to remove the high-impedance condition. all special functions must be enabled from software before they can be used. gpio port pin special function e4 p2.4/tck p2.4 jtag: test clock e5 p2.5/tdi p2.5 jtag: test data in d4 p2.6/tms p2.6 jtag: test mode select e3 p2.7/tdo p2.7 jtag: test data out maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 9 detailed description the MAXQ614 provides integrated, low-cost solutions that simplify the design of ir communications equipment such as universal remote controls. standard features include the highly optimized, single-cycle, maxq, 16-bit risc core; 80kb flash memory; 2kb data ram; soft stack; 16 general-purpose registers; and three data pointers. the maxq core has the industrys best mips/ ma rating, allowing developers to achieve the same per - formance as competing microcontrollers at substantially lower clock rates. lower active-mode current combined with the even lower MAXQ614 stop-mode current (0.2 f a typ) results in increased battery life. application-specific peripherals include flexible timers for generating ir car - rier frequencies and modulation. a high-current ir drive pin capable of sinking up to 25ma current and output pins capable of sinking up to 5ma are ideal for ir appli - cations. it also includes general-purpose i/o pins ideal for keypad matrix input, and a power-fail-detection circuit to notify the application when the supply voltage is near - ing the microcontrollers minimum operating voltage. at the heart of the device is the maxq 16-bit, risc core. operating from dc to 12mhz, almost all instructions exe - cute in a single clock cycle (83.3ns at 12mhz), enabling nearly 12mips true-code operation. when active device operation is not required, an ultra-low-power stop mode can be invoked from software, resulting in quiescent current consumption of less than 0.2 f a (typ) and 2.0 f a (max). the combination of high-performance instructions and ultra-low stop-mode current increases battery life over competing microcontrollers. an integrated por cir - cuit with brownout support resets the device to a known condition following a power-up cycle or brownout condi - tion. additionally, a power-fail warning flag is set, and a power-fail interrupt can be generated when the system voltage falls below the power-fail warning voltage, v pfw . the power-fail warning feature allows the application to notify the user that the system supply is low and appro - priate action should be taken. microprocessor the device is based on maxims low-power, 16-bit maxq family of risc cores. the core supports the harvard memory architecture with separate 16-bit program and data address buses. a fixed 16-bit instruction word is standard, but data can be arranged in 8 or 16 bits. the maxq core in the device is implemented as a pipe - lined processor with performance approaching 1mips per mhz. the 16-bit data path is implemented around register modules, and each register module contributes specific functions to the core. the accumulator module consists of sixteen 16-bit registers and is tightly coupled with the arithmetic logic unit (alu). a configurable soft stack supports program flow. execution of instructions is triggered by data trans - fer between functional register modules or between a functional register module and memory. because data movement involves only source and destination modules, circuit switching activities are limited to active modules only. for power-conscious applications, this approach localizes power dissipation and minimizes switching noise. the modular architecture also provides a maxi - mum of flexibility and reusability that are important for a microprocessor used in embedded applications. the maxq instruction set is highly orthogonal. all arith - metical and logical operations can use any register in conjunction with the accumulator. data movement is sup - ported from any register to any other register. memory is accessed through specific data-pointer registers with autoincrement/decrement support. maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 10 memory the microcontroller incorporates several memory types: ? 80kb flash memory ? 2kb sram data memory ? 1.5kb utility rom ? soft stack stack memory the device provides a soft stack that can be used to store program return addresses (for subroutine calls and inter - rupt handling) and other general-purpose data. this soft stack is located in the 2kb sram data memory, which means that the sram data memory must be shared between the soft stack and general-purpose application data storage. however, the location and size of the soft stack is determined by the user, providing maximum flexibility when allocating resources for a particular appli - cation. the stack is used automatically by the processor when the call, ret, and reti instructions are executed and when an interrupt is serviced. an application can also store and retrieve values explicitly using the stack by means of the push, pop, and popi instructions. the sp pointer indicates the current top of the stack, which initializes by default to the top of the sram data memory. as values are pushed onto the stack, the sp pointer decrements, which means that the stack grows downward towards the bottom (lowest address) of the data memory. popping values off the stack causes the sp pointer value to increase. refer to the maxq610 users guide for more details. utility rom the utility rom is a 1.5kb block of internal rom memory located in program space beginning at address 8000h. this rom includes the following routines: ? production test routines (internal memory tests, mem - ory loader, etc.), which are used for internal testing only, and are generally of no use to the end-applica - tion developer ? user-callable routines for buffer copying and fast table lookup (more information on these routines can be found in the maxq610 users guide) following any reset, execution begins in the utility rom at address 8000h. at this point, unless test mode has been invoked (which requires special programming through the jtag interface), the utility rom in the device always automatically jumps to location 0000h, which is the beginning of user application code. watchdog timer the internal watchdog timer greatly increases system reliability. the timer resets the device if software execu - tion is disturbed. the watchdog timer is a free-running counter designed to be periodically reset by the appli - cation software. if software is operating correctly, the counter is periodically reset and never reaches its maxi - mum count. however, if software operation is interrupted, the timer does not reset, triggering a system reset and optionally a watchdog timer interrupt. this protects the system against electrical noise or electrostatic discharge (esd) upsets that could cause uncontrolled processor operation. the internal watchdog timer is an upgrade to older designs with external watchdog devices, reducing system cost and simultaneously increasing reliability. the watchdog timer functions as the source of both the watchdog timer timeout and the watchdog timer reset. the timeout period can be programmed in a range of 2 15 to 2 24 system clock cycles. an interrupt is gener - ated when the timeout period expires if the interrupt is enabled. all watchdog timer resets follow the pro - grammed interrupt timeouts by 512 system clock cycles. if the watchdog timer is not restarted for another full interval in this time period, a system reset occurs when the reset timeout expires. see table 1 . table 1. watchdog interrupt timeout (sysclk = 12mhz, cd[1:0] = 00) wd[1:0] watchdog clock watchdog interrupt timeout watchdog reset after watchdog interrupt (s) 00 sysclk/2 15 2.7ms 42.7 01 sysclk/2 18 21.9ms 42.7 10 sysclk/2 21 174.7ms 42.7 11 sysclk/2 24 1.4s 42.7 maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 11 ir carrier generation and modulation timer the dedicated ir timer/counter module simplifies low- speed infrared (ir) communication. the ir timer imple - ments two pins (irtx and irrx) for supporting ir trans - mit and receive, respectively. the irtx pin has no corre - sponding port pin designation, so the standard pd, po, and pi port control status bits are not present. however, the irtx pin output can be manipulated high or low using the pwcn.irtxout and pwcn.irtxoe bits when the ir timer is not enabled (i.e., iren = 0). the ir timer is composed of a carrier generator and a carrier modulator. the carrier generation module uses the 16-bit ir carrier register (irca) to define the high and low time of the carrier through the ir carrier high byte (ircah) and ir carrier low byte (ircal). the carrier modulator uses the ir data bit (irdata) and ir modula - tor time register (irmt) to determine whether the carrier or the idle condition is present on irtx. the ir timer is enabled when the ir enable bit (iren) is set to 1. the ir value register (irv) defines the begin - ning value for the carrier modulator. during transmission, the irv register is initially loaded with the irmt value and begins down counting towards 0000h, whereas in receive mode it counts upward from the initial irv regis - ter value. during the receive operation, the irv register can be configured to reload with 0000h when capture occurs on detection of selected edges or can be allowed to continue free-running throughout the receive opera - tion. an overflow occurs when the ir timer value rolls over from 0ffffh to 0000h. the ir overflow flag (irov) is set to 1 and an interrupt is generated if enabled (irie = 1). carrier generation module the ircah byte defines the carrier high time in terms of the number of ir input clocks, whereas the ircal byte defines the carrier low time. ? ir input clock (f irclk ) = f sys /2 irdiv[1:0] ? carrier frequency (f carrier ) = f irclk /(ircah + ircal + 2) ? carrier high time = ircah + 1 ? carrier low time = ircal + 1 ? carrier duty cycle = (ircah + 1)/(ircah + ircal + 2) during transmission, the irca register is latched for each irv down-count interval, and is sampled along with the irtxpol and irdata bits at the beginning of each new irv down-count interval so that duty-cycle variation and frequency shifting is possible from one interval to the next, which is illustrated in figure 1 . figure 2 illustrates the basic carrier generation and its path to the irtx output pin. the ir transmit polarity bit (irtxpol) defines the starting/idle state and the carrier polarity of the irtx pin when the ir timer is enabled. ir transmission during ir transmission (irmode = 1), the carrier genera - tor creates the appropriate carrier waveform, while the carrier modulator performs the modulation. the carrier modulation can be performed as a function of carrier cycles or irclk cycles dependent on the setting of the ircfme bit. when ircfme = 0, the irv down counter is clocked by the carrier frequency and thus the modula - tion is a function of carrier cycles. when ircfme = 1, the irv down counter is clocked by irclk, allowing carrier modulation timing with irclk resolution. the irtxpol bit defines the starting/idle state as well as the carrier polarity for the irtx pin. if irtxpol = 1, the irtx pin is set to a logic-high when the ir timer module is enabled. if irtxpol = 0, the irtx pin is set to a logic-low when the ir timer is enabled. a separate register bit, ir data (irdata), is used to determine whether the carrier generator output is output to the irtx pin for the next irmt carrier cycles. when irdata = 1, the car - rier waveform (or inversion of this waveform if irtxpol = 1) is output on the irtx pin during the next irmt cycles. when irdata = 0, the idle condition, as defined by irtxpol, is output on the irtx pin during the next irmt cycles. the ir timer acts as a down counter in transmit mode. an ir transmission starts when the iren bit is set to 1 when irmode = 1; when the irmode bit is set to 1 when iren = 1; or when iren and irmode are both set to 1 in the same instruction. the irmt and irca registers, along with the irdata and irtxpol bits, are sampled at the beginning of the transmit process and every time the ir timer value reload its value. when the irv reaches 0000h value, on the next carrier clock, it does the following: 1) reloads irv with irmt. 2) samples irca, irdata, and irtxpol. 3) generates irtx accordingly. 4) sets irif to 1. 5) generates an interrupt to the cpu if enabled (irie = 1). to terminate the current transmission, the user can switch to receive mode (irmode = 0) or clear iren to 0. carrier modulation time = irmt + 1 carrier cycles maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 12 figure 1. ir transmit frequency shifting example (ircfme = 0) figure 2. ir transmit carrier generation and carrier modulator control carrier output (irv) irdata ir interrupt 0 1 irmt = 3 0 irtx irtxpol = 1 irtx irtxpol = 0 irca irmt irmt = 5 irca = 0202h irca = 0002h irca, irmt, irdata sampled at end of irv down-count interval 31 20 54 32 10 1 0 0 1 sample irdata on irv = 0000h carrier modulation carrier generation carrier irclk ircfme ircal + 1 ircah + 1 irdata irmt irtxpol irtx pin ir interrupt maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 13 ir receive when configured in receive mode (irmode = 0), the ir hardware supports the irrx capture function. the irrxsel[1:0] bits define which edge(s) of the irrx pin should trigger the ir timer capture function. the ir module starts operating in the receive mode when irmode = 0 and iren = 1. once started, the ir timer (irv) starts up counting from 0000h when a qualified capture event as defined by irrxsel happens. the irv register is, by default, counting carrier cycles as defined by the irca register. however, the ir carrier frequency detect (ircfme) bit can be set to 1 to allow clocking of the irv register directly with the irclk for finer resolu - tion. when ircfme = 0, the irca defined carrier is counted by irv. when ircfme = 1, the irclk clocks the irv register. on the next qualified event, the ir module does the following: 1) captures the irrx pin state and transfers its value to irdata. if a falling edge occurs, irdata = 0. if a ris - ing edge occurs, irdata = 1. 2) transfers its current irv value to the irmt. 3) resets irv content to 0000h (if irxrl = 1). 4) continues counting again until the next qualified event. if the ir timer value rolls over from 0ffffh to 0000h before a qualified event happens, the ir timer overflow (irov) flag is set to 1 and an interrupt is generated, if enabled. the ir module continues to operate in receive mode until it is stopped by switching into transmit mode (irmode = 1) or clearing iren = 0. carrier burst-count mode a special mode reduces the cpu processing burden when performing ir learning functions. typically, when operating in an ir learning capacity, some number of carrier cycles are examined for frequency determina - tion. once the frequency has been determined, the ir receive function can be reduced to counting the number of carrier pulses in the burst and the duration of the combined mark-space time within the burst. to simplify this process, the receive burst-count mode (as enabled by the rxbcnt bit) can be used. when rxbcnt = 0, the standard ir receive capture functionality is in place. when rxbcnt = 1, the irv capture operation is dis - abled and the interrupt flag associated with the capture no longer denotes a capture. in the carrier burst-count mode, the irmt register only counts qualified edges. the irif interrupt flag (normally used to signal a capture when rxbcnt = 0) now becomes set if two irca cycles elapse without getting a qualified edge. the irif interrupt flag thus denotes absence of the carrier and the begin - ning of a space in the receive signal. when the rxbcnt bit is changed from 0 to 1, the irmt register is set to 0001h. the ircfme bit is still used to define whether the irv register is counting system irclk clocks or irca- defined carrier cycles. the irxrl bit defines whether the irv register is reloaded with 0000h on detection of figure 3. ir capture 0 1 0000h irv carrier modulation carrier generation irclk ircfme ircal + 1 ircah + 1 interrupt to cpu irdata irrx pin reset irv to 0000h ir timer overflow ir interrupt irxrl copy irv to irmt on edge detect edge detect maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 14 a qualified edge (per the irxsel[1:0] bits). figure 4 and the descriptive sequence embedded in the figure illustrate the expected usage of the receive burst-count mode. 16-bit timers/counters the microcontroller provides two timers/counters that support the following functions: ? 16-bit timer/counter ? 16-bit up/down autoreload ? counter function of external pulse ? 16-bit timer with capture ? 16-bit timer with compare ? input/output enhancements for pulse-width modulation ? set/reset/toggle output state on comparator match ? prescaler with 2 n divider (for n = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10) figure 4. receive burst-count example 1 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 to 2 3 4 6 7 5 8 9 carrier frequency calculation irrx irv irmt irmt = pulse counting irmt = pulse counting irv = carrier cycle counting capture interrupt (irif = 1). irv irmt. irv = 0 (if irxrl = 1). software sets irca = carrier frequency. software sets rxbcnt = 1 (which clears irmt = 0001 in hardware). software clears ircfme = 0 so that irv counts carrier cycles. irv is reset to 0 on qualified edge detection if irxrl = 1. software adds to irmt the number of pulses used for carrier measurement. irca x 2x counter for space can begin immediately (qualified edge resets). qualified edge detected: irmt++ irv reset to 0 if irxrl = 1. irca x 2 period elapses: irif = 1; carrier absence = space. burst mark = irmt pulses. software clears rxbcnt = 0 so that we capture on the next qualified edge. qualified edge detected: irif = 1, capture irv irmt as the burst space (plus up to one carrier cycle). software set rxbcnt = 1 as in (5). continue (5) to (8) until learning space exceeds some duration. irv rollovers can be used. maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 15 usart the device provides two usart peripherals with the fol - lowing features: ? 2-wire interface ? full-duplex operation for asynchronous data transfers ? half-duplex operation for synchronous data transfers ? programmable interrupt when transmit or receive data operation completes ? independent programmable baud-rate generator ? optional 9th bit parity support ? start/stop bit support general-purpose i/o the microcontroller provides port pins for general-pur - pose i/o that have the following features: ? cmos output drivers ? schmitt trigger inputs ? optional weak pullup to v dd when operating in input mode while the microcontroller is in a reset state, all port pins become high impedance with both weak pullups and input buffers disabled, unless otherwise noted. from a software perspective, each port appears as a group of peripheral registers with unique addresses. special function pins can also be used as general-purpose i/o pins when the special functions are disabled. for a detailed description of the special functions available for each pin, refer to the maxq610 users guide . on-chip oscillator an external quartz crystal or a ceramic resonator can be connected between hfxin and hfxout, as illustrated in figure 5 . noise at hfxin and hfxout can adversely affect on- chip clock timing. it is good design practice to place the crystal and capacitors near the oscillator circuitry and connect hfxin and hfxout to ground with a direct short trace. the typical values of external capacitors vary with the type of crystal to be used and should be initially selected based on load capacitance as suggested by the manufacturer. operating modes the lowest power mode of operation is stop mode. in this mode, cpu state and memories are preserved, but the cpu is not actively running. wake-up sources include external i/o interrupts, the power-fail warning interrupt, wake-up timer, or a power-fail reset. any time the micro - controller is in a state where code does not need to be executed, the user software can put the device into stop mode. the nanopower ring oscillator is an internal ultra- low-power (400na) 8khz ring oscillator that can be used to drive a wake-up timer that exits stop mode. the wake- up timer is programmable by software in steps of 125 f s up to approximately 8s. table 2. usart mode details figure 5. on-chip oscillator mode type start bits data bits stop bits mode 0 synchronous n/a 8 n/a mode 1 asynchronous 1 8 1 mode 2 asynchronous 1 8 + 1 1 mode 3 asynchronous 1 8 + 1 1 v dd hfxin clock circuit r f = 1mi q50% c1 = c2 = 12pf stop hfxout c2 c1 r f maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 16 the MAXQ614 is a reduced pin count version of the maxq618 microcontroller. to ensure all nonbonded outport pins power up in a known state and to prevent unnecessary leakage during stop mode, the following port pins should be set as inputs with weak pullup in application software when the device exits a power-on reset condition: ? p0.5, p0.6, p0.7 ? p0.0 ? p2.0 to p2.3 ? p3.0 to p3.7 the power-fail monitor is always on during normal opera - tion. however, it can be selectively disabled during stop mode to minimize power consumption. this feature is enabled using the power-fail monitor disable (pfd) bit in the pwcn register. the reset default state for the pfd bit is 1, which disables the power-fail monitor function during stop mode. if power-fail monitoring is disabled (pfd = 1) during stop mode, the circuitry responsible for generating a power-fail warning or reset is shut down and neither condition is detected. thus, the v dd < v rst condition does not invoke a reset state. power-fail detection figure 6 , figure 7 , figure 8 show the power-fail detection and response during normal and stop-mode operation. if a reset is caused by a power-fail, the power-fail monitor can be set to one of the following intervals: ? always oncontinuous monitoring ? 2 11 nanopower ring oscillator clocks (~256ms) ? 2 12 nanopower ring oscillator clocks (~512ms) ? 2 13 nanopower ring oscillator clocks (~1.024s) in the case where the power-fail circuitry is periodically turned on, the power-fail detection is turned on for two nanopower ring-oscillator cycles. if v dd > v rst during detection, v dd is monitored for an additional nanopower ring-oscillator period. if v dd remains above v rst for the third nanopower ring period, the cpu exits the reset state and resumes normal operation from utility rom at 8000h after satisfying the crystal warmup period. if a reset is generated by any other event, such as the reset pin being driven low externally or the watch - dog timer, the power-fail, internal regulator, and crystal remain on during the cpu reset. in these cases, the cpu exits the reset state in less than 20 crystal cycles after the reset source is removed. figure 6. power-fail detection during normal operation a b c d f g h i e v dd v pfw v rst v por internal reset (active high) t < t pfw t t pfw t t pfw t t pfw maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 17 table 3. power-fail detection states during normal operation state power-fail internal regulator crystal oscillator sram retention comments a on off off v dd < v por . b on on on v por < v dd < v rst . crystal warmup time, t xtal_rdy . cpu held in reset. c on on on v dd > v rst . cpu normal operation. d on on on power drop too short. power-fail not detected. e on on on v rst < v dd < v pfw . pfi is set when v rst < v dd < v pfw and maintains this state for at least t pfw , at which time a power-fail interrupt is generated (if enabled). cpu continues normal operation. f on (periodically) off off yes v por < v dd < v rst . power-fail detected. cpu goes into reset. power-fail monitor turns on periodically. g on on on v dd > v rst . crystal warmup time, t xtal_rdy . cpu resumes normal operation from 8000h. h on (periodically) off off yes v por < v dd < v rst . power-fail detected. cpu goes into reset. power-fail monitor turns on periodically. i off off off v dd < v por . device held in reset. no operation allowed. maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 18 figure 7. stop mode power-fail detection states with power-fail monitor enabled table 4. stop mode power-fail detection states with power-fail monitor enabled state power-fail internal regulator crystal oscillator sram retention comments a on off off yes application enters stop mode. v dd > v rst . cpu in stop mode. b on off off yes power drop too short. power-fail not detected. c on on on yes v rst < v dd < v pfw . power-fail warning detected. turn on regulator and crystal. crystal warmup time, t xtal_rdy . exit stop mode. d on off off yes application enters stop mode. v dd > v rst . cpu in stop mode. e on (periodically) off off yes v por < v dd < v rst . power-fail detected. cpu goes into reset. power-fail monitor turns on periodically. f off off off v dd < v por . device held in reset. no operation allowed. v pfw v rst v por a b c d e f v dd t < t pfw t t pfw t t pfw stop internal reset (active high) maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 19 figure 8. stop mode power-fail detection with power-fail monitor disabled table 5. stop mode power-fail detection states with power-fail monitor disabled state power-fail internal regulator crystal oscillator sram retention comments a off off off yes application enters stop mode. v dd > v rst . cpu in stop mode. b off off off yes v dd < v pfw . power-fail not detected because the power- fail monitor is disabled. c on on on yes v rst < v dd < v pfw . an interrupt occurs that causes the cpu to exit stop mode. power-fail monitor is turned on, detects a power-fail warning, and sets the power-fail interrupt flag. turn on regulator and crystal. crystal warmup time, t xtal_rdy . on stop mode exit, cpu vectors to the higher priority of power-fail and the interrupt that causes stop mode exit. v pfw v rst v por v dd a b c d e f stop interrupt internal reset (active high) maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 20 applications information the low-power, high-performance risc architecture of this device makes it an excellent fit for many portable or battery-powered applications. it is ideally suited for appli - cations such as universal remote controls that require the cost-effective integration of ir transmit/receive capability. grounds and bypassing careful pcb layout significantly minimizes system-level digital noise that could interact with the microcontroller or peripheral components. the use of multilayer boards is essential to allow the use of dedicated power planes. the area under any digital components should be a con - tinuous ground plane if possible. keep bypass capacitor leads short for best noise rejection and place the capaci - tors as close as possible to the leads of the devices. cmos design guidelines for any semiconductor require that no pin be taken above v dd or below gnd. violation of this guideline can result in a hard failure (damage to the silicon inside the device) or a soft failure (uninten - tional modification of memory contents). voltage spikes above or below the devices absolute maximum ratings can potentially cause a devastating ic latchup. microcontrollers commonly experience negative volt - age spikes through either their power pins or general- purpose i/o pins. negative voltage spikes on power pins are especially problematic as they directly couple to the internal power buses. devices such as keypads can con - duct electrostatic discharges directly into the microcon - troller and seriously damage the device. system design - ers must protect components against these transients that can corrupt system memory. additional documentation designers must have the following documents to fully use all the features of this device. this data sheet contains pin descriptions, feature overviews, and electrical speci - fications. errata sheets contain deviations from published specifications. the users guides offer detailed informa - tion about device features and operation. ? this MAXQ614 data sheet, which contains electrical/ timing specifications, pin descriptions, and package information. ? the MAXQ614 revision-specific errata sheet ( www.maxim integrated.com/errata ). ? the maxq610 users guide , which contains detailed infor - mation on features and operation, including programming. table 5. stop mode power-fail detection states with power-fail monitor disabled (continued) state power-fail internal regulator crystal oscillator sram retention comments d off off off yes application enters stop mode. v dd > v rst . cpu in stop mode. e on (periodically) off off yes v por < v dd < v rst . an interrupt occurs that causes the cpu to exit stop mode. power-fail monitor is turned on, detects a power-fail, and puts cpu in reset. power-fail monitor is turned on periodically. f off off off v dd < v por . device held in reset. no operation allowed. maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module 21 deviations from the maxq610 users guide for the MAXQ614 the maxq610 users guide contains all the informa - tion that is needed to develop application code for the MAXQ614 microcontroller. however, even though the maxq610 and the MAXQ614 are largely code-com - patible, there are certain differences between the two devices that must be kept in mind when referring to the maxq610 users guide . the following registers on the maxq610 (which are described in the maxq610 users guide ) do not exist on the MAXQ614, and all references to them should be disregarded: ? port 4 output register (po4) ? port 4 direction register (pd4) ? port 4 input register (pi4) development and technical support maxim and third-party suppliers provide a variety of highly versatile, affordably priced development tools for this microcontroller, including the following: ? compilers ? in-circuit emulators ? integrated development environments (ides) ? serial-to-jtag and usb-to-jtag interface boards for programming and debugging (for microcontrollers with rewritable memory) a partial list of development tool vendors can be found at www.maximintegrated.com/maxq_tools . for technical support, go to https://support. maximintegrated.com/micro . ordering information/selector guide note: the 4-digit suffix -xxxx indicates a device preprogrammed at maxim with proprietary customer-supplied software. for more information on factory preprogramming of these devices, contact maxim at https://support.maximintegrated.com/micro . + denotes a lead(pb)-free/rohs-compliant package. * ep = exposed pad. package information for the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages . note that a +, #, or - in the package code indicates rohs status only. package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of rohs status. part temp range operating voltage (v) program memory (kb) data memory (kb) gpio pin-package MAXQ614v-xxxx+t -20 n c to +70 n c 1.7 to 3.6 80 flash 2 16 25 wlp package type package code outline no. land pattern no. 25 wlp w251a2+1 21-0630 refer to application note 1891 maxim integrated http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/
maxim integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a maxim integrated product. no circuit patent licenses are implied. maxim integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. the parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the electrical characteristics table are guaranteed. other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance. maxim integrated 160 rio robles, san jose, ca 95134 usa 1-408-601-1000 22 ? 2012 maxim integrated maxim integrated and the maxim integrated logo are trademarks of maxim integrated products, inc. revision history revision number revision date description pages changed 0 6/12 initial release 1 9/12 changed the operating temperature range from 0c to +70c to -20c to +70c 1, 4, 5, 21 2 10/12 added MAXQ614v-l000+t to ordering information 21 MAXQ614 16-bit microcontroller with infrared module http://www..net/ datasheet pdf - http://www..net/

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